  Linux Partition HOWTO
  Kristan Koehntopp, kris@koehntopp.de
  $Id: Partition.sgml,v 2.4 1997/11/03 06:27:22 kris Exp $
  c쓇 Gr, tano@sainet.or.jp (1997/11/25)

   Linux Mini-HOWTO ł Linux VXẽfBXN̈v悵CA
  Eg@ɂĉ܂BfBXÑn[hEGAʂp[eBV
  AXbv̈̃TCYƂ̔zu̍ۍl邱ƁAt@CVXe
  At@CVXe^Ayъ֘AgsbNɂďqׂĂ܂B
  ̈Ӑ}͔wiIm`邱ƂŎ菇邱Ƃł͂܂B

  : ͂̕ȂȑOɏꂽ̂Ȃ̂ŁA܂ǂ Linux 
  ɂ͂Ă͂܂Ȃӏ܂B (JF Project)
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ڎ

  1. ͂߂
     1.1 ́̕H
     1.2 ̕ɂ͂ȂɂĂ܂H܂֘ÁH

  2. Ƃp[eBVƂ́H
     2.1 obNAbv͏dv
     2.2 foCXԍƃfoCX

  3. ͂ǂȃp[eBVKvƂĂ̂낤H
     3.1 ɕKvȃp[eBV̐́H
     3.2 Xbv̈͂ǂ̂炢̑傫̂낤H
     3.3 ǂɃXbvXy[XuׂH
     3.4 t@CVXeƃtOe[VɊւ邢̎
     3.5 p[eBV̔fƂȂt@CƃobNAbvTCN

  4. 
     4.1 ӗ~̂鏉S҂̂߂̐f

  5. ̏ꍇ

  ______________________________________________________________________

  1.  ͂߂

  1.1.  ́̕H

   Linux Mini-HOWTO łBMini-HOWTO  Linux ̃CXg[
  ێɊւ鎖ZłB mini ̕tȂ HOWTO {ɂ
  Ȃ悤ȕɔׂāAʂȂc_b͈̔͂
  肷̂ mini Ȃ̂łBHOWTO ̓t@Xł͂܂B̓}
  jAy[W̖ڂłB

  1.2.  ̕ɂ͂ȂɂĂ܂H܂֘ÁH

   Mini-HOWTO  Linux VXẽfBXN̈v旧ĂăCAEg
  @ɂĂ̕łBfBXÑn[hEGAʂp[eBVA
  Xbv̈̃TCYƂ̔zu̍ۍl邱ƁAt@CVXeA
  t@CVXe^Ayъ֘AgsbNɂďqׂĂ܂B̕
  ̈Ӑ}͔wiIm`邱ƂŁA䂦c[ނ̏Љł͂ȂA
  Ɍɂďqׂ܂B

  zIɂ́A̕͏߂ẴCXg[̑Oɓǂ܂ׂłA
  Ƃǂ̐lɂ͂Ɠł傤BS҂̓fBXNCAEg̍œK
  dȑ̖Ă܂B]Ăǂł邠Ȃ
  ЂƂƁA傤 Linux ̃CXg[IƂŁÃC
  Xg[VXe̍œK̕@ÃCXg[ł̂
  vZႢ̔lĂ̂܂B[Ał͂̕
  ǂݏIACXg[𔒎ɖ߂čč\zȂ悤ȗ~
  悤Ɋ҂܂傤B:-)

   Mini-HOWTO ̓fBXN̈̌vƃCAEĝɂقƂǂ̍s
  Ă܂B܂ fdisk, LILO, mke2fs obNAbvvO
  ̎gɂĂ͏qׂĂ܂B̖ɂĂ͑ HOWTO 
  ܂BLinux HOWTO ̍ŐV Linux HOWTO Index ĂB
  ̒ HOWTO 肷邽߂̐܂B

  t@CVXëقȂiɁAǂȃTCYXs[hKv
  @wԂ߂ɁA"Linux Multiple Disks Layout mini-HOWTO", by
  Gjoen Stein <gjoen@nyx.net> ĉ (:݂ Disk-HOWTO 
  ȂĂ܂B)

  1024V_ȏ̃fBXNɊւƍl@ɂẮA "Linux Large
  Disk mini-HOWTO", Andries Brouwer <aeb@cwi.nl>  ĉB

  [U[ƂɎgpfBXN̈𐧌@(quotas)̉ɂ
  ́A"Linux Quota mini-HOWTO", by Albert M.C. Tam <bertie@scn.org>

  ݁AfBXNobNAbvɂĂ̈ʓIȕ͂܂B
  ̃obNAbv@܂BLinux  IBM ADSM
  obNAbvɓ@̉ɂĂ"Linux ADSM Backup mini-
  HOWTO", Thomas Koenig <Thomas.Koenig@ciw.uni-karlsruhe.de>Ă
  BLinux  MS-DOS ̃obNAbvƂ邽߂̏"Linux Backup
  with MSDOS mini-HOWTO", Christopher Neufeld
  <neufeld@physics.utoronto.ca>ĂB

  HOWTOo邽߂̉ɂĂ the Linux HOWTO Index,
  Greg Hankins <gregh@sunsite.unc.edu>ĂB

  /usr/src/linux/Documentation ȉ̕ɖڂʂ̂ς߂ɂȂ
  BfBXNhCo̓ɊւwiIm𓾂邽߂ɂ ide.txt 
  scsi.txt ĂB܂Afilesystems/ TufBNgȉ̃t@
  CɂڂʂĂB

  2.  Ƃp[eBVƂ́H

  PC ̃n[hfBXNꂽAlX͂ɕ̃Iy[eBO
  VXeCXg[Ȃ܂BVXeɂ͗B1̃fBXN
  ȂꍇɂAłB1̕IfBXNɕ̘_IfBX
  N蓖Ă@\KvɂȂ܂Bp[eBVƂ́AقƂǂ̃I
  y[eBOVXeŊSɕʁX̃fBXNƂĈAn[hfB
  XN̘AubN̈̂ƂłB

  p[eBVdȂĂ͂Ȃ̂͂ɕł傤Bp[eB
  VdȂĂāAIy[eBOVXe}VɃCX
  g[ꂽʂ̃Iy[eBOVXȅdvȏɏ㏑Ă
  AƂɂȂȂ͖̂炩łB܂אڂp[eBV̊
  ɂ͂ԂȂق悢łBĂLQł͂܂񂪁Ap[eB
  VԂɃXy[XcƂŋMdȃfBXNXy[X𖳑ʂɂĂ܂
  ܂B

  fBXNSɎd؂Kv͂܂BCXg[ς݂̂ǂ̃Iy[
  eBOVXeɂ蓖ĂĂȂXy[XfBXN̍ŌɒuĂ
  čx܂BƂŃCXg[ǂ̃VXeł悭g
  炩ɂȂƂA̎cXy[Xd؂AɃt@CV
  XeuƂł܂B

  p[eBV͓܂񂵁A̒̃t@CVXej󂹂ɃT
  CYύX邱Ƃł܂BłʏAp[eBV̂蒼
  ɂ͂ꂪyԂׂẴt@CVXẽobNAbvƃXgAKv
  Ȃ܂Bۂ̂ƂAp[eBV̂蒼ŕSɂ߂
  ɂȂ̂͂悭邱ƂłB fdisk ̗lȃp[eBV
  R}hgۂ́AΏۃ}V̑SẴfBXNׂ̂ĂobNAbv
  ׂłB

  ۂɂ́At@CVXẽ^CvɂĂ̓f[^킸Ƀp[eB
  V2ɂ킯邱Ƃł܂B(K^Ȃ΁B) Ⴆ΁A"fips"ƌĂ
  vÓAMS-DOS ̃CXg[蒼ƂȂ Linux ̃C
  Xg[̈邽߂ɁAMS-DOS p[eBV2ɕ܂BłA
  }V̑SĂTdɃobNAbvOɁÃmɎoׂ
  ͂܂BłH

  2.1.  obNAbv͏dv

  e[v̓obNAbv̗FłBŐMłAgՂA䂦p
  ɁAi\ȂjIɁACƂȂobNAbvł܂B

  ɂČ܂傤F͐^̃e[vhCuɂĘbĂ̂
   ftape ȂĂ̂ɂČĂ̂ł͂܂BSCSI 𔃂
  Ƃɂ܂傤FLinux  SCSI lCeBuɃT|[gĂ܂BASPI
  hCo͕KvȂALinux ł͋Md HMA 킸ɏZ݂܂B
  SCSI zXgA_v^CXg[ĂΑ݃fBXNAe[vA
  CD-ROM t邾łB͂ I/O AhXAIRQ ̏ՓˉA}X
  ^[^X[uAPIO-level matching ȂǂɔY܂Ȃčς݂܂B

  āF܂Ƃ SCSI zXgA_v^ CPU ̑ȕׂȂō I/O
  ptH[}X𓾂邱Ƃł܂Bn[hȃfBXNׂ̂Ƃłǂ
  Ԃ̊ł܂BLinux VXev USENET j[X̔zzp
  ƂĎg\肾AISP(C^[lbgT[rXvoC_)rWlX
  ɂƂтƂȂASCSI ȂŃVXe݌vA\z悤
  ĖɂvȂƂłBłH

  2.2.  foCXԍƃfoCX

  Cex[X̃VXeł̃p[eBV̐t琧Ă
  ܂BIWĩp[eBVe[u̓u[gZN^̈ꕔƂăC
  Xg[A4̃p[eBVGg̗̈悵܂
  łB̃p[eBV݂͌ł͊{(primary)p[eBVƌ
  ΂Ă܂BlX̃VXeɂƑ̃p[eBVKv
  邱Ƃ炩ɂȂƁA_(logical)p[eBVlo܂
  B_p[eBV͖̐łFꂼ̘_p[eBV
  ̘_p[eBVւ̃|C^Ă܂B̂ߘ_Iɂ
  p[eBVGĝ̖ȂƂł܂B

  ݊mۂ邽߂ɁAS_p[eBV߂͖̈mɎ
  ĂKv܂B_p[eBVgƂ1̊{p[eB
  VGgug(extended)p[eBVvƂĎw肳A̍
  ƍŌ̃ubN̒ɁAׂĂ̘_p[eBV܂ĂKv
  ܂B́AS_p[eBVɊ蓖Ăꂽ̈悪A
  KvƂƂÂɎĂ܂B gp[eBV͈
  u܂B fdisk vOŕ̊gp[eBV邱
  Ƃ͂ł܂B

  Linux ł́AhCuɑ΂ĈƂ̂łp[eBV̐ɐ
  ܂B Linux Ŏg{p[eBV4܂(_p[eB
  VĝȂ3܂)ASCSI fBXNł͊{A_킹čő1 5
  ̃p[eBVg܂(IDE fBXNł͂킹63)B

  Linux ł́Ap[eBV̓foCXt@Cŕ\܂BfoCXt@
  CƂ c ^Cv(uLN^foCXv: obt@LbVgȂ
  foCX)Ab ^Cv(uubNfoCXv: obt@LbV𗘗p
  foCX)̃t@C̎łBLinux ł͑SẴfBXNubNfo
  CXƂĂ݈̂܂B UnicsBƂ͈قȂALinux ł̓fBXN
  ̃p[eBV"raw"LN^o[W͂܂B

  foCXt@C֌WŗBdvȂƂ͂ꂪW[/}Ci[ foC
  XԍƂŁA̓t@CTCY̑ɕ\܂:

       ______________________________________________________________________
       $ ls -l /dev/hda
       brw-rw----   1 root     disk       3,   0 Jul 18  1994 /dev/hda
                                          ^    ^
                                          |    }Ci[foCXԍ
                                          W[foCXԍ
       ______________________________________________________________________

  foCXɃANZXۂɂ́Ao͑s߂ɂǂ̃foCXhC
  oĂяôW[io[őIB̌Ăяo̓}Ci[i
  o[p[^ƂčsÃ}Ci[io[ǂ̂悤ɉ߂
  ̂͊SɃhCołBhCoɊւ镶͕ʁAhCo
  ǂ̂悤Ƀ}Ci[ԍgLqĂ܂BIDE fBXNł͂
   /usr/src/linux/Documentation/ide.txt ɂ܂BSCSI fBXN
  ł́A/usr/src/linux/Documentation/scsi.txt ɂƌƂł
  ɂ͂܂BhCõ\[XR[hĉB
  (/usr/src/linux/driver/scsi/sd.c:184-196 ɂ܂) K^ɂ Peter
  Anvin ɂfoCXԍƃfoCX̃Xg
  /usr/src/linux/Documentation/devices.txt ɂ܂BubNfoCX
  ̃GgĉBW[ԍ 3, 22, 33, 34  IDE fBXN
  ɁA8  SCSI fBXNɂ肠ĂĂ܂BW[/}Ci[ԍ
  ꂼ1oCgłA䂦fBXÑp[eBV̐Ɍ
  肪̂łB

  KɂfoCXt@C̖͂OÃVXevO
  ɂ̖ORpCɖߍ܂Ă܂B IDE fBXNɂ
  /dev/hd* ƂOA܂ SCSI fBXNɂ /dev/sd* ƂOz
  肳Ă܂BfBXN a, b, c ȂǂƔԍtA䂦
  /dev/hda ͍ŏ IDE fBXNŁA/dev/sda ͍ŏ SCSI fBXN
  B2̃foCX̓ubN1n܂fBXNSĂ\Ă܂B
  ̃foCXɂ܂c[ŏ݂Ȃƃ}X^[u[g
  [_[fBXÑp[eBVe[uAfBXN̑SĂ
  f[^gȂȂAVXeNs\ɂȂ܂BƂۂɂ͎
  悤ƂĂ邱Ƃ𗝉Ax܂AsOɃob
  NAbvƂĂB

  fBXN̊{p[eBV1, 2, 3, 4 łB܂ /dev/hda1 1
  ߂IDEfBXN1߂̊{p[eBVłB_p[eBV̔
  5ɂȂ܂B܂ /dev/sdb5  1ڂ SCSI n[hfBXN
  1߂̘_p[eBVłB

  ꂼ̃p[eBVGgɂ͍ŏƍŌ̃ubNwAh
  Xƃt@C^i[Ă܂Bt@C^͂̃p[eBVI
  y[eBOVXêǂ̃t@C^(1oCg)łBR
  s[^RT^gɂƂĂ͉҂̎ɂȂ邱ƂłAp[eBV
  ̃t@C^ԍ͎ۂ͗Bł͂ȂA䂦2̃Iy[eBO
  VXet@C^ԍg\ɂ܂B

  Linux ̓t@C^ԍƂ 0x82 AXbvp[eBVƂ
  0x83lCeBuȃt@CVXe(قƂǂׂĂ̐lɂƂext2)Ƃ
  ė\񂵂Ă܂BȑO͈ʓIł͌ÂȂ Linux/Minix t@
  CVXeɂ 0x81 蓖ĂĂ܂BOS/2 ͂̃p[eBV
  0x07 āA̔ԍ Windows NT  NTFS gĂ܂BMS-DOS 
  FAT t@CVXê܂܂ȖẗႢ̂߂ɂ̃t@C
  ^ԍ蓖ĂĂ܂F0x01,0x04, 0x06 mĂ܂BDR-DOS 
  0x81 ی삳ꂽ FAT p[eBVŵɎgALinux/Minix 
  ƂɎgꍇɌ^ɂj܂A͂ Linux/Minux
   DR-DOS ̑ogƂ͖őɂȂł傤B_p[eBV̂
  ߂̃ReiƂĎggp[eBV0x05̌^ԍĂ
  B

  p[eBV fdisk vOō쐬A폜sȂ܂B
  ׂẴIy[eBOVXeɂ fdisk ܂܂A`IɂقƂǂ
  ׂĂ OS  fdisk (܂ FDISK.EXE )ƌĂ΂Ă܂B
  fdisk ł́iLȂ̂ DOS ̂̂łjÃIy[eBOVXe
  ̃p[eBVƂɐ܂BƂ́AmȂt@C
  ^ԍ͈̂ȂA1024傫V_ȂAV
  _EɏI肪Ȃp[eBV쐬FłȂAȂǂ
  ܂BႦ΁AMS-DOS  fdisk  NTFS p[eBV폜ł܂
  AOS/2  fdisk ł́ALinux  fdisk ɂč쐬ꂽAV_
  EŏIĂȂp[eBVuقďCvĂ܂Ƃm
  ܂B܂ DOS  OS/2  fdisk 1024V_ȏfBXN
  ۂɖ肪܂B(̃fBXNɂĂ̏ڂ"large-
  disk" Mini-HowtoĉB)

  3.  ͂ǂȃp[eBVKvƂĂ̂낤H

  3.1.  ɕKvȃp[eBV̐́H

  OKay,ł͂ǂȃp[eBVȂ͕KvƂĂ̂ł傤H_
  p[eBVN邱ƂȂǁAASlĂȂIy[
  eBOVXeĂ܂BAЂƂMS-DOS, OS/2 
  Linux gĂ OS ̋Np[eBVƂĊ{p[eBV
  ƂĂȂ邩܂B1̊{p[eBVA_p[
  eBVp̓ꕨƂȂgp[eBVƂĕKvƂȂ邱ƂY
  ȂB

  Iy[eBOVXe̋N̓A[hōs܂B܂ BIOS
  1024V_݂̐܂BŖ邽߂ɁAׂẴu[
  gp[eBVn[hfBXN̍ŏ1024V_ȓɒuȂ
  ܂Bx悭 "large-disk" Mini-Howto ǂł
  B

  Linux CXg[邽߂ɁAȂƂ1p[eBVKvłB
  J[l̃p[eBVǂݍ܂Ȃ(ႦLILOɂ
  )Ãp[eBV BIOS ǂ߂Ȃ΂Ȃ܂B̕@
  J[lǂݍޏꍇ(Ⴆ΃u[gfBXN MS-DOS  Linux N
   LOADLIN.EXE Ȃ)Ap[eBV͂ǂɂĂłB
  ꍇɂẴp[eBV̓t@C^ 0x83"Linux native" ɂ
  ܂B

  VXeɂ͂炩̃Xbv̈悪KvłBt@CɃXbvƂ
  ̂łȂ΁Ap̃Xbvp[eBVKvɂȂ܂B̃p[
  eBV Linux J[lɂANZX݂̂ŁALinux J[l PC
  BIOS ̌_ɔY܂܂̂ŁAXbvp[eBV͂ǂɒu
  ܂܂B͘_p[eBV(/dev/?d?5)gƂ
  ߂܂BpLinuxXbvp[eBV̓t@C^ 0x82 "Linux
  swap" łB

  ͍ŏ̃p[eBV\łBLinux ɂƂĂ͂葽̃p[
  eBVƕ֗܂Bȍ~ǂłB

  3.2.  Xbv̈͂ǂ̂炢̑傫̂낤H

  p̃Xbvp[eBVgƌ߂iʂ 'Good Idea
  [tm]'łjꍇȂ傫ς̂ɂ͈ȉ̃KChCg
  ĉ:

  o  Linux ł RAM ƃXbv͉̈Z܂(͑SĂ Unix Ő
     킯ł͂܂)BႦ 8MB  RAM  12MB ̃Xbv̈悪
     ΁A킹 20MB ̉zg܂B

  o  Xbv̈̃TCY߂鎞AzȂƂ 16MB ͂
     ׂłB܂ 4MB  RAM ̂Ƃ͏ȂƂ 12MB ̃Xbv
     A8MB  RAM ̂Ƃ͏ȂƂ 8MB ̃XbvׂłB

  o  Linuxł1̃Xbvp[eBV 128MB ȏƂ܂B
     ΁Ap[eBV̂̂ 128MB 傫ł܂A 128MB
     𒴂͌ĎgȂ̂łB 128MB ȏ̃Xbvm
     Ƃ́ÃXbvp[eBVȂ΂Ȃ܂
     B

  o  Xbv̈̃TCY߂鎞A܂ɃXbv̈肷
     A͑̕SɗȂƂɗӂĂB

     ׂẴvZX́u[LOZbgvĂ܂B͂
     łvZbTɂĎQƂꂤAy[WAEgĂȂA
     ɂy[W̃ZbgłBLinux ́ÃANZX
     uOɎgy[Wقǎg₷vƂ̂Ƃɗ\A
     \Ȍ肱̃y[WɎcĂƂ܂Bv
     ÓuǏQƐvǂꍇɂ́Ả͐A\zAS
     Y͗Lɓł傤B

     Ɨ̈悪CɂƂǂ܂Ă̂́A\
     łB}VővZXƁAJ[ĺAƂ
     g͂̃y[WfBXNɒǂoāAKvȃy[W
     fBXNǂݏoĂƂiʂȁj𓾂Ȃ
     ɂȂ܂B̌ʁAy[WÖُȑA\
     ܂BꂪAuXbVO(thrashing)vƌĂ΂
     łBihCcl̓ǎ҂̂߂ɕ⑫F "thrashing"
     i"dreschen", "schlagen", "haemmern"ĵƂ "trashing"
     i"muellen")  ̂Ƃł͂܂Bj

     XbVOԂ̃}Vł͎IɃvZX RAM łȂfBXN
     œĂ܂B]ė\鐫\̒ቺ́AAN
     ZX̑xƃfBXNANZX̑x̔ƂȂ܂B

     PDP  Vax ̎̂ƂĂÂoł̓vÕ[LOZbg
     ̃TCY͂̉zTCŶ悻25%łB䂦RAM̂R{ȏ
     Xbv́AӖ܂B

     A͌ołȂƂƂoĂĂB
     vÕ[LOZbgɑ傫ƂA邢͂ƂĂ
     AȂĂƂ͂イ܂BႦ΁Aɂ܂܂ȕ
     @ŃANZX傫ȃf[^ZbgV~[VvO
     ł́Ãf[^ZOgɋǏQƐ͂قƂǑ݂܂B
     āÃ[LOZbg͔ɑ傫ł傤B

     Aɂ JPEG t@CJA1ăAC
     Rꂽ xv ͔ɑ傫ȃf[^ZOg܂BA
     SẴC[Wϊ(ɂ)1̃C[Wł݂̂ȂĂ̂
     xv Ő߂郁[̂قƂǂ͈Ă܂BƂG
     fBbgEChEJAɕύX̂1̃E
     ChÊ݂ƂGfB^ɂĂ͂܂܂B̃vO(
     炪݌vĂ)ƂĂǏQƐA
     ptH[}XɂقǏdȉeɂ̑̕
     XbvAEgĂ܂B

     R}hC̎ォ 25% Ƃ́ÃhLg
     W悤Ȍ GUI vOɂƂĂ͂␳ȂƗ\zł
     ܂BA̐m߂悤ƂV݂Ƃ
     ܂B

  ł 16MB RAM ̂΂Aŏ̐ݒł̓Xbv͕Kvł͂ȂA
  48MB zXbv͂Ԃ񖳗pł傤BmȕKvʂ̓}V
  ̃AvP[Vɂ܂B(Ȃɂ҂ĂłH)

  3.3.  ǂɃXbvXy[XuׂH

  o  JjNX͒xAGNgjNX͑B

     ŋ߂̃n[hfBXN͂̃wbhĂ܂BgbN
     ̃wbhԂ̃XCb`͍łB͂ꂪɓdCIȂƂ
     łBgbNԂ̃XCb`͒ᑬłA͌̕E
     łB

     Ȃ̂ŁAwbh̑fBXNƃwbh̏ȂfBXNׂƁA
     ̗vf̏ꍇÃwbhfBXN̕ł傤B

     AXbv𕪊AõfBXNɔzuƂɑȂ
     ܂B

  o  ̂̃fBXNɂ͑SẴgbNɓ̃ZN^܂B
     悤ȃfBXN̏ꍇAfBXNwbh_ȃgbNXb
     v̈Ɉړ邱ƂlƁAXbvfBXN̐^ɒuƍ
     łB

  o  ŋ߂̃fBXNł ZBR (zone bit recordingjpĂ܂B
     ͊ÕgbNɂZN^zu܂Bĉ]x
     ȂAÕgbN͓ɔׂĂƐ\Ȃ܂B
     Xbv͍ȃgbNɔzu܂傤B

  o  fBXNwbh͕K_ɓ킯ł͂܂B
     ɖZ home p[eBV̐^ƁAقƂǎgȂۊǗp
     p[eBV̐^ɃXbv̈ꍇׂ΁Awbh
     ̓ŏōς home p[eBV ̐^ɃXbvق
     荂łB܂A̎gĂȂfBXNɂXbv
     ΂葬łB

  ܂Ƃ߁F̎dɖZȂÃwbhAȃfBXN
  Xbv̈܂傤B̃fBXNĂƂFSẴfB
  XNAقȂRg[΂łXbv𕪊AU
  傤B

  ɗǂ@FRAMƔ܂傤B

  3.4.  t@CVXeƃtOe[VɊւ邢̎

  fBXNXy[X̓Iy[eBOVXeɂăubNPʂub
  ÑtOgŊǗĂ܂Bext2 ł̓tOgƃubN
  TCYłȂ΂Ȃ܂Bł͋c_ubNɌ邱
  Ƃł܂B

  t@C͂ȂTCYł肦܂B̓ubNEł͏I
  BőSẴt@Cł̓t@C̍Ō̃ubN̈ꕔʂƂ
  ܂Bt@CTCYsKƂ΁AfBXÑt@Ĉꂼ
  ɃubN̔(TCY)ʂƗ\zł܂BTanenbaum 
  ͂"Operating Systems"̂Ȃ"internal fragmentation"ƌĂł
  ܂B

  fBXNŐ߂inode̐t@Cł܂B̏ꍇ
  ́F

       ______________________________________________________________________
       # df -i
       Filesystem           Inodes   IUsed   IFree  %IUsed Mounted on
       /dev/hda3              64256   12234   52022    19%  /
       /dev/hda5              96000   43058   52942    45%  /var
       ______________________________________________________________________

  12000̃t@C/([g)ɁA44000̃t@C/var ɂ܂B1
  KB̃ubNTCYł 6+22 = 28 MB ̃fBXNeʂt@C̐K̕
  ƂĎĂ܂BubNTCY 4KB ƂꍇA̗eʂ4{
  ƂɂȂ܂B

  f[^]x͂ĘAf[^̂܂̂قłB
   ext2 ̓TCY傫Ȃt@Ĉ߂8̘Au
  bNƂɂ炩ߗ̈蓖Ă悤Ƃ܂B炩߂ƂĂ
  ̈̎gȂ͂̃t@CꂽƂɉ܂B

  1̃t@CsAȃubNɔzuĂ̂̓ptH[}X̓_
  ł悭ȂƂłBȂȂt@C͂΂ΘAIɃANZX邩
  łBt@CsAƃIy[eBOVXeɃfBXNANZX
  𕪊Ȃ΂Ȃ炸AfBXN̓wbh𓮂Ȃ΂Ȃ܂B
  "external fragmentation"ƂP"tOe[V
  (fragmentation)"ƌĂ΂ DOSt@CVXeƋʂ̖łB

  ext2  external fragmentation 邽߂ɂ̐헪Ă
  ܂BʁAtOe[V USENET j[XXv[̗lɍg
  ȂAext2 ɂƂđ傫Ȗł͂܂Bext2 t@CVXe
  p̃ftOc[̂łAext2 ̌[XɒǂtĂ
  BgƂ́A̐ӔCōsĂB

  MS-DOS t@CVXe̓fBXNXy[ẌُȊǗł悭mĂ
  ܂BMS-DOS ̃obt@LbV̎gЂǂƂƑ܂ăp
  tH[}Xɋyڂt@CtOe[V̉e͍ۂĂ
  B DOS [U[B͂قƂǖTfBXNftO邱ƂɊĂ
  āAftO邱ƂɊւċVIȐMɒBĂl炢܂B
  悤ȏK Linux  ext2 Ɏނׂł͂܂BLinux ̃lC
  eBuȃt@CVXe͕ʂ̎gł̓ftOKvƂ܂B
  fBXN̋󂫗̈悪ȂƂ 5% 󋵂Ȃuʂ̎gv̔
  ełB

  MS-DOS t@CVXe͂܂Ainternal fragmentation ɂfBXN
  ̑傫ȕƂmĂ܂B256MB 傫ȃp[eBV
  ł DOS ̃ubNTCY͂͂gقǑ傫Ȃ܂B(̂
  Ƃ FAT32 ɂgȂǂɂĂ͂܂܂)

  ext2 ́AȃubNTCY𗧂ɂȂ0.5TB (eoCgƓǂ
  1TB  1024GB ɂȂ܂)Ƃȏ̋ȃt@CVXeȊÓA
  傫ȃt@CVXê߂ɑ傫ȃubNTCYI΂Ȃ΂Ȃ
  AƂƂ͂܂Bł̂ DOS ƈāAubNTCY
  邽߂ɑ傫ȃfBXN𕡐̃p[eBVɕKv͂
  B\Ȃ΁AftHg̃ubNTCY 1KBgĂB
  ̃p[eBVI 2KB ̃ubNTCYɂĂ݂Ȃ邩
  ܂񂪁A܂ȃoOɑ邱Ƃo債ĂĂBق
  ǂ̐lftHggĂ̂ŁB

  3.5.  p[eBV̔fƂȂt@CƃobNAbvTC
  N

  ext2 ̂Ƃł́Ap[eBV̓obNAbvlقȂ
  t@C琶 external fragmentation 邽߂Ȃǂ猈
  ׂłB

  t@Cɂ͎܂Bt@CꂽƁA͂΂炭VX
  eɕێÂɍ폜܂Bt@C̎̓VXeŗlX
  łAxt@C̃pXɈˑ܂BႦ΁A/bin, /sbin,
  /usr/sbin, /usr/bin Ƃ悤ȃfBNg̃t@C͂炭
  ϒ(Ƃȏ)ł傤B/home ̃t@C͐T
  ̒炢̎ł傤B/var ̃t@C͕ʁA
  ZłB /var/spool/news ̃t@C͐ȏ͎cȂł傤B
  /var/spool/lpd ̃t@C͐Ƃȉ̒PʂŎv܂B

  ufC[obNAbvv̗ʂobNAbvfBA1̗eʈȉ
  ΃obNAbv͂₷łBufC[obNAbvvƂ̓tob
  NAbv܂̓CN^obNAbvłB

  p[eBVTCY1̃obNAbvfBAɎ܂悤ɁA\
  Ă悤ɂ邱Ƃł܂(tobNAbv悤ɂ
  ܂傤) BłȂꍇłAp[eBV͖̑(ύX
  SẴt@C)1̃obNAbvfBAɏ\܂x̑傫
  ĂׂłB(CN^obNAbvIAT^
  tobNAbv -lł͍ƂłȂobNAbv- ̓xɃobNAbv
  fBA悤ɂ܂傤)B

  Ȃ̃obNAbv헪͂̌ɈˑĂ܂B

  fBXN̈Ɋւv悵AfBXNwƂ́AobNAbv
  ߂ɏ\Ȃpӂ邱ƂɗӂĂĂBobNAbv
  ĂȂf[^͉lȂ̂łIf[^蒼RXg͂قƂǂ
  ׂĂ̐lɂƂăobNAbṽRXg肸Ƒ傫̂łB

  قȂt@CقȂp[eBVɒuĂ̂̓p
  tH[}XɂƂĂ悢ƂłB̂肩ƃj[Xp[eBV
  ̒Zȃt@C̓tOg傫łB̂Ƃ /  /home
  p[eBṼptH[}XɉeڂƂ͂܂B

  4.  

  4.1.  ӗ~̂鏉S҂̂߂̐f

  ʓIȃfł /, /home, /var p[eBVL̂悤ɍ쐬
  B̂Ƃ̓CXg[ێPȂ̂ɂAt@C̈Ⴂ
  炭ssȓ_̂ɏ\ȋ敪łB̓obNAbvf
  ɂ悭Ă͂܂܂BقƂǂ̐l USENET j[XXv[̓obN
  AbvȂł傤A/var ̒ŃobNAbv鉿l̂͂
  ̃t@Cł傤 (/var/spool/mail vԂł傤)B
  A/ ͂܂ύX܂񂩂AKvȂƂɂ(ݒύX
  )obNAbvΗǂł傤B܂قƂǂ̌IȃobNAb
  vfBAɃtobNAbvłقǏ\łB(CXg[
  \tgEFȂ傫ɂ250500MB蓖Ă܂傤)B/home 
  ω郆[U[f[^܂܂̂ŖobNAbvׂłBCX
  g[ԂɂĂ͋ /home ACN^obNAbv
  Ȃ΂Ȃ܂B

  ̂A/tmp  p[eBVɒuĂVXe
  B܂ʂ̃VXeł /var/tmp ɃV{bNN͂(
  ̓VO[U[[hɉeyڂA蓮 /tmp 1邩 /var
  }Eg܂ŃVXe /tmp ȂƂɒ)ARAM fBXN
  ɂuƂ(Ƃ Solalis )ľʂ_Ă܂B
  ̂Ƃ / ̂Ƃ /tmp uĂ̂ŗǂlłB

  āÃf̓AbvO[hăCXg[̏ꍇ֗łF
  t@C(܂ /etc S) /home fBNĝǂɕۑĂ
  ΁A / ̍ĐAăCXg[AÂݒ /home ɂۑĂ
  fBNgoAȂǂł܂B

  5.  ̏ꍇ

  ɌÂ ISA oX 386/40 }Vグ̂ȂI2N
  Ă܂BŁAƒLAN̂߂ɊȑfXȂ̃T[oɕ
  g邱Ƃl܂B

  ȉÂƂłF 386 ɂ 16MB RAM ̂܂B
  čɂ͂ŏ (800MB)EIDE fBXNƃC[TlbgJ[hǉ
  ܂BɌÂwNX̃rfIJ[hǉ܂BɂȂ
  郂j^[łB Linux CXg[΁A[J
  NFS, SMB, HTTP, LPD/LPR, NNTP T[o[̏oオłB[T[o
  POP3 T[oɂł܂Bʂ̃f ISDN J[h TCP/IP [
  ^t@CAEH[ɂȂ܂B

  ̃}VŎgfBXN̈̂قƂǂ /var fBNgɂ
  B /var/spool/mail, /var/spool/news, /var/httpd/html ȂǂłB/var
  𕪗p[eBVɒuAɑ傫ȗ̈Ă܂B̃}
  Vɂ͂قƂǃ[U[̈͂Ȃ̂ŁA /home ͍炸̃[
  NXe[V NFS Ń}Eg܂B

  X Ƃ̃[eBeB̂ Linux VXe / ɂĂ
  250MB ̃p[eBVɏ[ł傤B̃}V 16 MB  RAM 
  Ă܂̃T[o[𓮂܂B 16MB ̃Xbv炭K
  vŁA32MB Ώ\ł傤Bł̓fBXNXy[XsĂ
  킯ł͂Ȃ̂32MBƂ܂BZ`^ȋĈ͎ĂāA MS-DOS
  p[eBV20MB炢ɂ܂B̃}V /home C|[
  gƌ߂̂ŁA500MBȏ /var ƂĎc܂BȂƒ
  USENET j[XT[rXƂĂ͏\ȏł傤B

  łȂ܂B

       ______________________________________________________________________
       Device     Mounted on                      Size
       /dev/hda1  /dos_c                           25 MB
       /dev/hda2  - (Swapspace)                    32 MB
       /dev/hda3  /                               250 MB
       /dev/hda4  - (Extended Container)          500 MB
       /dev/hda5  /var                            500 MB

       homeserver:/home /home                     1.6 GB
       ______________________________________________________________________

  obNAbv̓z[T[o[̃e[vpălbg[NoRłȂ
  ܂B̃}V̑SĂ CD-ROM CXg[̂Ȃ̂ŁAۑ
  ĂȂ΂ȂȂ̂ JX^}CY /etc ȉ̐ݒt@C
   /root/Source/Installed CXg[ *.tgz t@C
  A/var/spool/mail A/var/httpd/html ȂǂłB̃t@C
  Ӄz[T[o[ /home/backmeup ɃRs[܂B΃z[
  T[o[̃obNAbv̍ہAobNAbvł܂B

