  Logical Volume Manager HOWTO
  bert hubert <ahu@ds9a.nl>
  Richard Allen <ra@ra.is>
  Version 0.0.2 $Date: 2004/02/15 01:35:17 $
    hisai@din.or.jp
  22 Oct 2000

  ƂĂHI Linux LVM HOWTO
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ڎ

  1. ͂߂
     1.1 Ƃƒ쌠
     1.2 OƂȂm
     1.3 hLg̉ɂ
     1.4 CVS Abvf[g CVS փANZX
     1.5 ̃hLg̍\

  2. LVM Ƃ́H
  3. {IȌ
     3.1 Ȃ̉
     3.2 ANeBuƃCANeBu - J[lԂƃ[U

  4. Kvȏ
     4.1 J[l
        4.1.1 Linux 2.4
        4.1.2 Linux 2.3.99.*
        4.1.3 Linux 2.2
        4.1.4 Linux 2.3
     4.2 [U

  5. t@CVXeg
     5.1 e2fsadm g
     5.2 _{[g
     5.3 {[EO[vg
     5.4 t@CVXeg
        5.4.1 ItCԂ ext2  ext2resize g
        5.4.2 ICԂ ext2

  6. fBXŇ
     6.1 xɂȂ鎞

  7. mȃobNAbvsɂ́AXibvVbg
     7.1 ǂ̂悤ɓH

  8. 璷ƃptH[}X
     8.1 ȂXgCv̂H
     8.2 ȂXgCsOȂ̂
     8.3 LVM ł̃XgCsO
        8.3.1 ptH[}X̒ӓ_
     8.4 n[hEFA RAID
     8.5 Linux ̃\tgEFA RAID

  9. ڂ
     9.1 Rs[^Ԃ LVM ̃fBXNړ
     9.2 /etc/lvmtab and /etc/lvmtab.d ̍č\

  10. ɏڂ
  11. ӎƊ
  12. {Ŏӎ

  ______________________________________________________________________

  1.  ͂߂

  eȂǎ҂̊FցB

  ̃hLgł́ALVM ҂ŁAǂ̂悤ɓA𗘗p邱
  łɊył̂ɂāAF̗̈ꏕɂȂ悤ɏ܂
  B LVM FAQ hCcŏꂽ HOWTO ܂ÃhLg
  Ƃ͌nĂ܂B̃hLg͂܂ɁuHOWTOv̂̂ŁA
  ƂĂHIł邾łȂA LVM ̗[߂܂(܂)B

  ͂肳Ă܂A Linux  Logical Volume Manager ̊J
  ҂ł͂܂BJ҂̕Xɂ͌hӂ\Ă܂A͂čs
  ƎvĂ܂B

  ȘbȂ̂łA܂ LVM ̊J҂ǂȂȂ̂m
  Bɂł߂ƎvĂ܂BuȂ񂾁vƎvOɂ炩
  ߂lтĂ܂B

  1.1.  Ƃƒ쌠

  ꂪɗhLgɂȂ邱Ƃ]ŔzzĂ܂Auۏ؂
  ؂܂vAuƌvu̖ړIւ̓Kpvɑ΂ۏ؂
  ܂B

  fBXNZāAЂNrɂȂĂ - ͎̂ł͂܂
  B\󂠂܂񂪁BobNAbvāA~bVEN
  eBJȃVXeł͎ȂłB

  ܂Ă Richard Allen()́Aٗp\Ă킯ł܂
  B

  Linux  Linus Torvalds ̓o^WłB

  1.2.  OƂȂm

  Ƃ͂܂BLinux CXg[āAt@CVXe
  (fdisk  mkfs g)쐬Ƃ΁Aŏ\łBx
  ̂ƂłA root ōƂꍇ͒ӂĂBfoCXEt@C
  ւ̊Ԉ߂⑀́Ãf[^󂷋ꂪ܂B

  HP/UX  LVM ̐ݒ@mĂ΁AłقƂ OK łBLinux
  ́AHP Ŏł邱ƂƁAقƂǓɂ悤ɓ܂B

  1.3.  hLg̉ɂ

  ̃hLgɂ͂ӂׂ_܂B̃hL
  g̑唼܂Â悤Ȃ𑱂͖ѓ܂
  B̓I[vE\[XM򂵂Ă܂AtB[hobNXVA
  pb`̑Fɂ肢ƎvĂ܂BA▾炩ɌÂ
  ȂԈႢȂɕ񍐂ĂB

  ǂ̃ZNVłA̕҂ƂėDĂƊꂽA
  ҂͐VKZNV̉҂ɂȂƂvɂȂA
  B}܂BHOWTO  SGML  CVS ł邱Ƃł܂B
  ͂ꂪvWFNgƂȂ邱Ƃ]ł܂B

  菕Ăƕ܂ÃhLg̒ɂ͂
  FIXME (C)邱ƂɋCÂƎv܂Bpb`͂ł}
  ܂I FIXME ɂǂőƂĂA͖m̗̈ł邱Ƃ
  ĂBǂɂԈႢȂƂ͌؂܂̂ŁAꂮ
  ӂĂBmȂƂ킩ȂAłm点
  B FIXME 폜Ǝv܂B

  1.4.  CVS Abvf[g CVS փANZX

  HOWTO ̐ȏ݂́AL̂ƂłB

  http://www.ds9a.nl/lvm-howto/ <http://www.ds9a.nl/lvm-howto/>

  EANZX\ anonymous CVS pӂĂ܂BōŐV
  ł HOWTO yɓɁAF񂪕ύXǉƂȒPɍs
  B

  CVS 𗘗p HOWTO ̃Rs[ĂȂ΁AL̂悤ɂĂ
  B

       $ export CVSROOT=:pserver:anon@outpost.ds9a.nl:/var/cvsroot
       $ cvs login
       CVS password: [enter 'cvs' (without 's)]
       $ cvs co lvm-howto
       cvs server: Updating lvm-howto
       U lvm-howto/lvm-howto.sgml

  ԈႢAǉƂ΁A܂茳ŏCĂ
  ucvs diff -uvsāǍʂ𑗂ĂB

  postscript  dviApdfAhtmlAeLXĝɖ𗧂 Makefile p
  Ă܂BFXȃtH[}bg邽߂ɁAsgml-tools 
  ghostscriptAtetex CXg[Kv邩܂B

  1.5.  ̃hLg̍\

  ܂ LVM 𓮂̂ɕKvȊ{Iȗv܂B
  ȂÂł悤ɓw߂܂B

  2.  LVM Ƃ́H

  ƈȑOAp[eBV̑傫͈x߂炻̂܂܂łBVX
  e𓱓́ũp[eBVɂǂ̂炢̃f[^悤
  ȁvƍlƂ́Auwx̃p[eBVɂǂ̂炢
  ̃f[^񂾂낤vƎ⎩Ȃ΂Ȃ܂B[Up[
  eBV̋󂫂zĎgƂƁAp[eBV؂蒼(V
  Xe̍ăCXg[肦܂)AV{bNENȂǂ̃X}[
  gƂ͌Ȃ@ŏCȂ΂Ȃ܂B

  ܂Ńp[eBV́AIȃfBXN̘AubNłA
  ƂlɂȂĂ܂Bŋ߂ UNIX CNȃVXêقƂ
  ́AIɕ̃fBXN𕪊āA̃jbgƂĈ@\
  Ă܂B̃hCu琬Lũjbg܂Ƃ߂āu_
  {[vƂAep[eBVɊU܂Bɂ̃jbg
  ́A󂫂̒KvƂȂɁAp[eBVɑ΂Ēǉ폜s
  ܂B

  ꂪ_{[}l[W(LVM)̊{łB

  Ƃ 1 GB ̃fBXNĂāAu/homevp[eBV 600 MB
  蓖ĂƂ܂B󂫂ȂāAu/homev 1 GB KvɂȂ
  lĂ݂ĂB܂ł̃p[eBV̍lƁAȂƂ 1
  GB ̑傫̃hCupӂ邵܂łBĂ
  邱Ƃ͂Ƃ΁AfBXNǉAVu/homev쐬A
  f[^̃Rs[邱ƂłB

  Ƃ낪 LVM ł̐ݒ́A 400 MB(͂ȏ)fBXNǉ
  邾łB̋Ljbgu/homevp[eBVɒǉ̂
  Bʂ̃c[g΁Ãt@CVXȇ傫ύXł܂B
  ăTCYύXA傫ȃTCỸp[eBV̂肪
  A{̎dĊJł܂B

  LVM ́uXibvVbgvƂɃj[Nȋ@\ĂāA
  ܂_ł̃t@CVXe̓eobNAbv邱Ƃł
  B̋@\AۂɗlXȗprɉpł邱Ƃɂ
  ́AGꂽƎv܂B

  ̃ZNVł LVM ̊{ƁALVM ̗pĂl̃|Cg
  X܂B

  3.  {IȌ

  ł́A͂ꂮ炢ɂĂ܂傤B LVM ɂ͗
  ĂȂ΂Ȃpꂪ񂠂܂BĂȂƁA
  t@CVXe댯ɂ炷͂߂ɂȂĂ܂܂B

  ܂͊b̂肩͂߂܂B

     }
        uvƂẗӖ𕡎GɍlȂłBPɃn[h
        fBXN̓p[eBV肵Ă܂BƂ
        ΁A/dev/hdaA/dev/hda6A /dev/sda ̂悤ȁBubNEfoCX
        ɂAubNł{[Ɋ蓖Ă
        B̕{[Ƃ́c

     {[ (PV)
        {[Ƃ͊Ǘf[^}̂ɕt}
        ̂̂\܂BtƁALVM ͕GNXeg
        Ɍ܂B̕GNXegƂ́c

     GNXeg(PE)
        GNXeǵAɂ傫ubN̂悤ɌAʏ͐
        MB ̑傫ɂȂ܂BGNXeg̓{[EO[v
        zu܂B̃{[EO[v Ƃ́c

     {[EO[v (VG)
        {[EO[v́A̕GNXeg(̕{
        [n[hEhCu琬)\܂B{[
        EO[v𑽐̃n[hEhCu(Ƃ /dev/hda 
        /dev/sda)\Ă̂ƗȂ邩܂
        A萳́A{[EO[v͕̕GNXeg
        \AGNXeg̋@\̓n[hEhCuɂĒ
        ĂƂƂɂȂ܂B

        >̃{[EO[vɂāAGNXeg͘_{
        [Ɋ蓖Ă܂B̘_{[Ƃ́c

     _{[ (LV)
        łAƂǂ蒅܂B̍ŏIڕW̘͂_{
        [Ȃ̂łBۑ̂́A܂ɂȂ̂łB_{
        [́A]̃p[eBVƓӖɂȂ܂B

        ʏ̃p[eBVō쐬̂Ɠ悤ɁA_{[
        Ńt@CVXe\ẑʂłB̃t@CVXe
        ́c

     t@CVXe
        t@CVXe͍D݂̂̂łIׂ܂BW ext2 
        ReiserFSANWFSA XFSAJFXANTFS ǂłBLinux ̃J[l
        ƂẮAʂ̃p[eBVƘ_{[ɂ͉Ⴂ͂
        ܂B

        󒐁Fet@CVXeɂẮA Filesystems-HOWTO ̓{
         <http://www.linux.or.jp/docs/Filesystems-HOWTO>
        B

  ASCII ɂn݂邱ƂŁÂ݂}Ă݂܂傤B

  {[́AGNXeg܂݂܂B

    +------[ {[ ]------+
    | PE | PE | PE | PE | PE | PE  |
    +------------------------------+

  {[EO[v́A2 ̕{[(PV)܂݁A6 ̕GNX
  eg\܂B

    +------[ {[EO[v ]---------+
    |  +--[PV]--------+  +--[PV]---------+  |
    |  | PE | PE | PE |  | PE | PE | PE  |  |
    |  +--------------+  +---------------+  |
    +---------------------------------------+

  ƍLĂ݂ƁAȂ܂B

    +------[ {[EO[v ]---------+
    |  +--[PV]--------+  +--[PV]---------+  |
    |  | PE | PE | PE |  | PE | PE | PE  |  |
    |  +--+---+---+---+  +-+----+----+---+  |
    |     |   |   | +-----/     |    |      |
    |     |   |   | |           |    |      |
    |   +-+---+---+-+      +----+----+--+   |
    |   | _      |      | _       |   |
    |   | {[|      | {[ |   |
    |   |           |      |            |   |
    |   |  /home    |      |    /var    |   |
    |   +-----------+      +------------+   |
    +---------------------------------------+

  ̐}ł́A2 ̃t@CVXeA2 ̃fBXNɂ܂Ă
  ܂B /home t@CVXe 4 A/var  2 ̕GNXeg
  \Ă܂B

  bert hubert  LVM 莋oIɕ\c[ <http://ds9a.nl/lvm-
  viewer> 쐬Ă܂BXN[Vbg <http://ds9a.nl/lvm-
  howto/screenshot.gif> ܂B ASCII ni茩h
  ܂B

  3.1.  Ȃ̉

  ȂłBLVM ͂ƂĂ̒ŏÂ炢lȂ̂(uX̓{[
  O LVMcv)Ał͘_{[쐬𒍎߂Ȃi
  ߂Ǝv܂B̗R\[ɂ̂܂ܓ́uȂŁv
  Bf[^󂵂Ă܂uv܂BƂ莝̃Rs[^
  A/dev/hda3  /dev/hdb2 gpĂȂĂłB

  󒐁F{[O(Borg)Ƃ́AX^[gbN(lNXgEWFl[V) 
  oꂷTC{[O푰̂ƂŁÂȎiŎB̒
  荞ގ푰̂ƂłBnbJ[̊Ԃł́A×~ɉ
  荞ގpA Microsoft ɂƂꍇ܂B

  [Ȃ΁AL ASCIIŏꂽ}B

  ܂ /dev/hda3  /dev/hdb2 ̃p[eBṼ^Cv 0x8e ɂĂ
  BꂪuLinux LVMvƂȂ܂BA莝 fdisk ̃o[
  WɂẮÃ^CvFłɁuUnknownvƕ\邩
  ܂B

       # fdisk /dev/hda

       Command (m for help): p

       Disk /dev/hda: 255 heads, 63 sectors, 623 cylinders
       Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 bytes

          Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
       /dev/hda1             1         2     16033+  83  Linux
       /dev/hda2             3       600   4803435   83  Linux
       /dev/hda3           601       607     56227+  83  Linux
       /dev/hda4           608       614     56227+  83  Linux

       Command (m for help): t
       Partition number (1-4): 3
       Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e

       Command (m for help): p

       Disk /dev/hda: 255 heads, 63 sectors, 623 cylinders
       Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 bytes

          Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
       /dev/hda1             1         2     16033+  83  Linux
       /dev/hda2             3       600   4803435   83  Linux
       /dev/hda3           601       607     56227+  8e  Unknown
       /dev/hda4           608       614     56227+  83  Linux

       Command (m for help): w

  /dev/hdb2 ɑ΂ĂlȑĂ݂܂Ał͂̌ʂ\
  ܂B̑́A\ꍇ LVM č\ẑɕKvłB

  KSẴRs[^ł͂܂񂪁AŃu[gKvɂȂ
  ꍇ܂B̗Ⴊ܂Ȃ悤ȂAu[gĂ݂Ă
  B

  L̂悤ɂ΁A{[쐬ł܂B

       # pvcreate  /dev/hda3
       pvcreate -- physical volume "/dev/hda3" successfully created
       # pvcreate  /dev/hdb2
       pvcreate -- physical volume "/dev/hdb2" successfully created

  ł́A2 ̕{[utestvƂ{[EO[vɒǉ
  Ă݂܂B

  # vgcreate test /dev/hdb2 /dev/hda3
  vgcreate -- INFO: using default physical extent size 4 MB
  vgcreate -- INFO: maximum logical volume size is 255.99 Gigabyte
  vgcreate -- doing automatic backup of volume group "test"
  vgcreate -- volume group "test" successfully created and activated

  Ŗgp̃{[EO[v 1 ł܂Bƒ
  ׂĂ݂܂傤B

       # vgdisplay -v test
       --- Volume group ---
       VG Name               test
       VG Access             read/write
       VG Status             available/resizable
       VG #                  0
       MAX LV                256
       Cur LV                0
       Open LV               0
       MAX LV Size           255.99 GB
       Max PV                256
       Cur PV                2
       Act PV                2
       VG Size               184 MB
       PE Size               4 MB
       Total PE              46
       Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0
       Free  PE / Size       46 / 184 MB

       --- No logical volumes defined in test ---

       --- Physical volumes ---
       PV Name (#)           /dev/hda3 (2)
       PV Status             available / allocatable
       Total PE / Free PE    13 / 13

       PV Name (#)           /dev/hdb2 (1)
       PV Status             available / allocatable
       Total PE / Free PE    33 / 33

  񂪂炸ł܂ÂƂ͑啔𗝉łȂ͂
  B܂_{[`Ă܂񂩂ACKv
  ܂B 50 MB ́uHOWTOvƂ{[utestv{[EO[v
  ɍĂ݂܂B

       # lvcreate -L 50M -n HOWTO test
       lvcreate -- rounding up size to physical extent boundary "52 MB"
       lvcreate -- doing automatic backup of "test"
       lvcreate -- logical volume "/dev/test/HOWTO" successfully created

  ŁAƏƂƂ܂ł܂̂ŁA̓t@CVXe
  ܂傤B

       # mke2fs /dev/test/HOWTO
       mke2fs 1.18, 11-Nov-1999 for EXT2 FS 0.5b, 95/08/09
       Filesystem label=
       OS type: Linux
       Block size=1024 (log=0)
       Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
       13328 inodes, 53248 blocks
       2662 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
       First data block=1
       7 block groups
       8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
       1904 inodes per group
       Superblock backups stored on blocks:
               8193, 24577, 40961

       Writing inode tables: done
       Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
       # mount /dev/test/HOWTO /mnt
       # ls /mnt
       lost+found

  ŊłI 쐬{[EO[vĂ݂܂傤B
  Ń{[EO[vf[^Ŗ߂悤ɂȂĂ͂
  łB

  # vgdisplay test -v
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               test
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             available/resizable
  VG #                  0
  MAX LV                256
  Cur LV                1
  Open LV               1
  MAX LV Size           255.99 GB
  Max PV                256
  Cur PV                2
  Act PV                2
  VG Size               184 MB
  PE Size               4 MB
  Total PE              46
  Alloc PE / Size       13 / 52 MB
  Free  PE / Size       33 / 132 MB

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Name               /dev/test/HOWTO
  VG Name               test
  LV Write Access       read/write
  LV Status             available
  LV #                  1
  # open                1
  LV Size               52 MB
  Current LE            13
  Allocated LE          13
  Allocation            next free
  Read ahead sectors    120
  Block device          58:0

  --- Physical volumes ---
  PV Name (#)           /dev/hda3 (2)
  PV Status             available / allocatable
  Total PE / Free PE    13 / 13

  PV Name (#)           /dev/hdb2 (1)
  PV Status             available / allocatable
  Total PE / Free PE    33 / 20

  A/dev/hda3 ͂܂gpĂ܂񂪁A/dev/hdb2  13 ̕
  GNXeggpĂ܂B

  3.2.  ANeBuƃCANeBu - J[lԂƃ[U

  ܂ƂȃIy[eBOEVXeł悤ɁALinux  VXe
  \ 2 ɕʂĂ܂B́AJ[lԂƃ[UԂłB
  [UԂ́A[UhƌĂ΂邱Ƃ܂Bu[Uhv
  ́AlĈe[}Ep[N\ӖłgĂ܂B

  _{[Ɋ֘AVK쐬CƂ́A[UԂōsA
  ʂJ[lƂƂ肵܂B{[EO[v_{[
  Ă̏񂪃J[lɓnƁAuANeBuvƌĂ΂ԂɂȂ
  BCƂ̒ɂ́AvfANeBuȏԂł邱ƂKv
  ACANeBuȏԂKvȂ̂܂B

  4.  Kvȏ

  LVM ͕Lo[W̃J[lŗpł܂BLinux 2.4 ł́ALVM 
  SʓIɍ̗pĂ܂BJ[l 2.3.47 ȍ~̃o[Wł́ALVM 
  Cu`ɓȑԂłB

  4.1.  J[l

  4.1.1.  Linux 2.4

  Linux 2.4 ł͕Kvȋ@\ׂĂpӂĂ܂B啔̃fBXg
  r[VŁALVM ̓W[ƂĊ܂܂ă[XƎv
  BRpCKv΁AubNEfoCXÎƂ LVM
  ̍ڂɃ`FbNtĂB

  4.1.2.  Linux 2.3.99.*

  Ő[̃J[lJ肵Ă܂΁ÃZNV͂ȂȂł
  B́AႮႷ肵܂񂪁B

  Ă鎞_ł Linux 2.3.99pre5 ŐVłŁALVM 𓮍삳
  ̂ɂ́Aɏ̂łA܂pb`KvłB

  Linux 2.3.99pre3 ɑ΂ẮA2 ̃pb`[XĂ܂B

  ̃pb` linux-kernel ɓeA
  <http://ds9a.nl/lvm-howto/2.3.99pre3>Ă܂B

  Andrea Arcangeli ͂̃pb`ǂčpb`
  <http://ds9a.nl/lvm-howto/andrea.patch>ƂďL 2.3.99pre3 p
  LVM pb`ɓĂ悤ɂĂ܂B

  Linux 2.3.99pre5 ɑ΂ẮAbert hubert L 2 ̃pb` 1 
  ɂ܂Ƃ߂āA2.3.99pre5 ɈڐA܂Bꂪ̃pb`
  <http://ds9a.nl/lvm-howto/2.3.99-pre5.lvm.patch>łBgpɓ
  Ă͂ӂB

  2.3.99pre6-1 ̓pb`𓝍v[XłłB͂߂ LVM ̋@\
  SɃT|[g܂I ܂ Andreas ̃pb`͎荞܂Ă܂
  񂪁Aɂł[X\ɂȂĂ͂łB

  2.3.99pre4-ac1 ̓ftHgŏȃpb`荞܂ĂāA삵
  B܂ Andreas ̃pb`͎荞܂Ă܂B

  4.1.3.  Linux 2.2

  FIXME: ɏĂB

  4.1.4.  Linux 2.3

  FIXME: ɏĂB

  4.2.  [U

  c[ނKvȂALVM TCg <http://lvm.msede.com/lvm> Ă
  ܂Bglibc2.1 ŃRpCȂAȃpb`KvłBȂ
  Debian 2.2 ł͂̃pb`𓖂ĂĂG[ł܂B

  5.  t@CVXeg

  FXȐݒ肪łXNvgāA̍Ƃ͂gčs܂B
  Kvł΁AXNvgg킸 1  1 sł܂B

  5.1.  e2fsadm g

  {[EO[vɋ󂫂Aext2 t@CVXegĂ
  Ȃ (ʓIɎgpĂ܂)Ag̗ǂ̃c[g܂B

  e2fsadm R}h́Ap resize2fs c[𗘗pĂ܂Bǂ\t
  gEFAƂ]łALgĂ킯ł͂܂B

  FSF  ext2resize gȂA e2fsadm ɏL̂悤ɂēnK
  v܂B

       # export E2FSADM_RESIZE_CMD=ext2resize
       # export E2FSADM_RESIZE_OPTS=""

  ͊ȒPłBe2fsadm ͑ LVM ̃R}hƔɂ悭Ă܂
  ŁB

       # e2fsadm /dev/test/HOWTO -L+50M
       e2fsadm -- correcting size 102 MB to physical extent boundary 104 MB
       e2fsck 1.18, 11-Nov-1999 for EXT2 FS 0.5b, 95/08/09
       Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
       Pass 2: Checking directory structure
       Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
       Pass 4: Checking reference counts
       Pass 5: Checking group summary information
       /dev/test/HOWTO: 11/25688 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 3263/102400 blocks
       lvextend -- extending logical volume "/dev/test/howto" to 104 MB
       lvextend -- doing automatic backup of volume group "test"
       lvextend -- logical volume "/dev/test/HOWTO" successfully extended

       ext2_resize_fs
       ext2_grow_fs
       ext2_block_relocate
       ext2_block_relocate_grow
       ext2_grow_group
       ext2_add_group
       ext2_add_group
       ext2_add_group
       ext2_add_group
       ext2_add_group
       ext2_add_group
       direct hits 4096 indirect hits 0 misses 1
       e2fsadm -- ext2fs in logical volume "/dev/test/HOWTO" successfully extended to 104 MB

  5.2.  _{[g

  e2fsadm ł̍Ƃ͍s܂Ae2fsadm gȂ@𗝉Ă
  ͂ȂƎv܂B

  # lvextend -L+12M /dev/test/HOWTO
  lvextend -- rounding size to physical extent boundary
  lvextend -- extending logical volume "/dev/test/HOWTO" to 116 MB
  lvextend -- doing automatic backup of volume group "test"
  lvextend -- logical volume "/dev/test/HOWTO" successfully extended

  5.3.  {[EO[vg

   vgextend [eBeBg܂AƂĂȒPłB܂ŏ
  {[܂B pvcreate [eBeBg܂B
  ̃c[găubNEfoCX𕨗{[ɒu܂B

  ꂪIɁAvgextend s܂B

       # pvcreate /dev/sda1
       pvcreate -- physical volume "/dev/sda1" successfully created
       # vgextend webgroup /dev/sda1
       vgextend -- INFO: maximum logical volume size is 255.99 Gigabyte
       vgextend -- doing automatic backup of volume group "webgroup"
       vgextend -- volume group "webgroup" successfully extended

  ڂĂė~Ƃ́Asɂ́A{[EO[v
  ANeBułKvƂƂłBuvgchange -a y webgroupv
  s΃ANeBuɂł܂B

  5.4.  t@CVXeg

  c[g킸ɎȂA̕@܂B

  5.4.1.  ItCԂ ext2  ext2resize g

  ItCƂ́At@CVXẽ}EgOāAꂩsύX
  ƂłԂ̂Ƃw܂Bt@CVXe₻̒̃f[^́A
  ̏Ԃł͗p邱Ƃł܂B܂Aroot ⑼̏dvȃp[eB
  V̑傫ύXꍇ́AɃu[gł}̂KvƂȂ邱Ƃ
  YȂłB

  ext2resize c[́AGNU  ftp TCgĂ܂A
  fBXgr[V́ApbP[W 1 ƂėpӂĂ܂Bg
  ͂ƂĂȒPłB

       # ext2resize /dev/HOWTO/small 40000

  40000 Ƃ́Ag͏kꂽ̃t@CVXẽub
  NłB

  5.4.2.  ICԂ ext2

  FIXME: ɏĂB

  6.  fBXŇ

  LVM ̒ 1 ɂꂪグ܂BfBXNŃG[o͂
  Af[^ڂڂړȂ΂܂BLVM 𗘗pƁAƂ
  ȒPɎsł܂B܂͂߂ɓT^IȌƂ̗܂B
  ƂA̗eʂfBXNVXeɒǉĂ݂܂B

  f[^ړɂ́A{[EO[v̕GNXeg𑼂̃fB
  XNA萳mɂ͕{[Ɉړ邱ƂɂȂ܂Bs
   LVM ōsɂ pvmove [eBeBgp܂B

  ȃfBXN /dev/hda1 ƂāA /dev/sdb3 ɒu邱
  ɂ܂傤B܂ /dev/sdb3  /dev/hda1 Ă{[EO
  [vǉ܂B

  ̍ƂsOɁÃ{[EO[vɑt@CVXe
  }EgOĂBtEobNAbvƂ΂ȂSłB

  FIXME: ͕KvH

  ł pvmove sĂ݂܂傤BƂĂȒPɎsł̂ŁAO
  ĂfBXNɒӂWĂBs͉L̂悤ɂȂ܂B

       # pvmove /dev/hda1
       pvmove -- moving physical extents in active volume group "test1"
       pvmove -- WARNING: moving of active logical volumes may cause data loss!
       pvmove -- do you want to continue? [y/n] y
       pvmove -- doing automatic backup of volume group "test1"
       pvmove -- 12 extents of physical volume "/dev/hda1" successfully moved

  ̌xɒӂĂBƂ̂AJ[l LVM ꂼꂢ
  ̃o[Wł́ÃR}hŖ肪܂B2.3.99pre6-2 ŃeX
  gāA܂܂Axo܂B

  ŕGNXeg /dev/hda1 ̂ǂɂ݂ȂȂ̂ŁA
  {[EO[vOƂł܂B

       # vgreduce test1 /dev/hda1
       vgreduce -- doing automatic backup of volume group "test1"
       vgreduce -- volume group "test1" successfully reduced by physical volume:
       vgreduce -- /dev/hda1

  FIXME:͂肳KvB{[EO[v̓ANeB
  uɂĂׂH f[^̂͂ǂȏꍇH

  6.1.  xɂȂ鎞

  fBXŇxȂɉāÃfBXN̕GNXeg𑼂
  {[ɈڍsłȂꍇɂ́AĂ܂{[
  ̘_{[~[ĂȂ΁Af[^Ă܂ł傤B
  K؂ȑΉ@́Aꂽ{[Ƃ܂̂ƌ邩A
  Œł傫̃p[eBVɌ邩̂ǂ炩łB

  /etc/lvmconf fBNgɂ LVM Ɋւf[^ƍ\obNAbv
  Ă܂B\Ƃ́AfBXN̕{[ւ̊蓖Ăƕ{
  [Ă{[EO[vAǂ̘_{[̃{
  [EO[vɓĂ邩̈ꗗ琬܂B

  ꂽfBXNAvgcfgrestore R}hg LVM ̃f[^
  V{[ɕ܂B̍ƂŃ{[EO[v
  ͂߁AׂĂ̏𕜊ł܂A_{[̃f[^͕
  B̗ŔALVM ̃R}h̑啔AύX_ŎI
   LVM ֘Ãf[^obNAbvĂ邩łB

  7.  mȃobNAbvsɂ́AXibvVbg

  ɂ̂́A{ɋN邩ǂ^킵 1 łBƂ
  ΗlXȏXȂĂT[o^pĂƂ܂BLȃob
  NAbvƂ_炷ƁAғ̂vO𗎂ƂKv
  ܂BȂƁAVXesȏԂɊׂĂ܂łB

  T^IȗƂāAt@C /tmp  /root ɈڂꍇĂ݂
  B /root ܂obNAbvĂ܂B/root A܂
  t@C͂܂łB̎܂ł /tmp obNAbv
  At@C͈ړłB

  f[^x[XfBNg̕ۑł͏󋵂ς܂BAvP[V
  ƗƂ@ȂƁAt@CobNAbv\ȏԂɂȂ
  ܂B

  ʂ̖oĂ܂Bʂ̓AvP[V𗎂AobNAbvƂ
  ĂAċN܂B̓obNAbvŎI΂܂
  ɂȂ܂񂪁AԂAIƂ킩ȂȂA_
  [Wނ邱ƂɂȂ܂B

  LVM ł̏󋵂~܂傤B

  LVM g΁A̎X̘_{[̏󋵂XibvVbgɂƂ邱
  ƂłA}EgAobNAbvƂ邱Ƃł܂B

  Ă݂܂傤B

       # mount /dev/test/HOWTO /mnt
       # echo > /mnt/a.test.file
       # ls /mnt/
       a.test.file  lost+found
       # ls -l /mnt/
       total 13
       -rw-r--r--    1 root     root            1 Apr  2 00:28 a.test.file
       drwxr-xr-x    2 root     root        12288 Apr  2 00:28 lost+found

  ŁAΏۂƂȂt@Cł܂BXibvVbgĂ݂
  傤B

       # lvcreate --size 16m --snapshot --name snap /dev/test/HOWTO
       lvcreate -- WARNING: all snapshots will be disabled if more than 16 MB are changed
       lvcreate -- INFO: using default snapshot chunk size of 64 KB
       lvcreate -- doing automatic backup of "test"
       lvcreate -- logical volume "/dev/test/HOWTO" successfully created

  u--sizevp^ɂĂ͌ŏڂG܂BXibvVbg}E
  gĂ݂܂B

       # mount /dev/test/snap /snap
       # ls /snap
       total 13
       -rw-r--r--    1 root     root            1 Apr  2 00:28 a.test.file
       drwxr-xr-x    2 root     root        12288 Apr  2 00:28 lost+found

  ̈ʒu a.test.file 폜āA܂XibvVbg̏ꏊɑ
  邩`FbNĂ݂ĂB

       # rm /mnt/a.test.file
       # ls /snap
       total 13
       -rw-r--r--    1 root     root            1 Apr  2 00:28 a.test.file
       drwxr-xr-x    2 root     root        12288 Apr  2 00:28 lost+found

  ͂I

  7.1.  ǂ̂悤ɓH

  u--sizevp^ݒ肵Ȃ΂ȂȂƂڂĂ܂H
  usnapv{[́AubŃu`Nvׂ̂ẴRs[
  LVM KvƂ鎞A܂茳f[^ύXĂ܂ɂȂ΂
  ܂B

  󒐁F`N(chunk)Ƃ́Af[^\ɂ܂Ƃ߂Pʂ\
  ܂B̏ꍇ́AfBXNŕIɘAĂ LVM p\
  ŏPʂӖĂ܂B

  a.test.file 폜A inode ͍폜܂B 64 KB (
  `N̑傫)u_[eB[(dirty)ȁvԂƂă}[NAf[
  ^̃Rs[usnapv{[ɏ܂B̏ꍇłƁAXibv
  VbgƂ 16 MB mۂĂ܂A 16 MB ȏ́u`Nv
  ύXƁAXibvVbg͋@\ȂȂł傤B

  XibvVbg̃p[eBV̑傫ԈႢȂ߂ɂ́A_{
  [{̎glāAXibvVbgANeBuɂ鎞
  Ԃ𐄑邵܂BƂ΁A^钆ɒNpĂȂVXe
  𐔎ԂăobNAbvȂA킸ȋ󂫂KvȂƎv
  ܂B

  ӂė~̂́AXibvVbg͂Ƒ݂̂ł͂ȂAƂ
  ƂłBLVM 𗎂Au[g肷΁AXibvVbg͏
  Ă܂Ač쐬邱ƂɂȂ܂B

  8.  璷ƃptH[}X

  ptH[}Xグ_猩ꍇAf[^𕡐̃fBXNɁuXg
  CvvĕUł܂B܂ubN 1 ͕{[ A ɁAub
  N 2 ͕{[ B ɁAubN 3 ͍Ăѕ{[ A ɁAƂ
  悤ɂłB2 ȏ̃fBXNɂXgCvł܂B

  ̏uƂ邱ƂŁAfBXÑohLƂƂɁAuXsh
  vƕKvɂȂ邱ƂӖĂ܂BXshɂĂ͌
  ܂B

  󒐁FXsh(spindle)́An[hfBXN\镔i 1 ŁA
  L^镔iłuvb^[vƂC}̂]Ă鎲
  w܂B܂uXshvΑقǁAꂾsăfB
  XNɓǂݏłAŜ̃ptH[}X邱ƂɂȂ܂B

  ptH[}X邾łȂAf[^𕡐fBXNɃRs[
  ĎƂł܂B~[OƌĂт܂B LVM ͂
  ̋@\T|[gĂ܂񂪁AʓIɎ邱Ƃ\
  B

  8.1.  ȂXgCv̂H

  fBXÑptH[}Xɉe^v́AȂƂ 3 
  Błɉeł̂́AfBXÑf[^Aēǂݏ
  鑬xłB SCSI  IDE oX 1 { 1 fBXNA
  傫ȃt@Cǂݏ鎞ɂ́A̓ptH[}Xቺv
  ƂȂ܂B

  fBXNpłш敝͌Ă܂B1 { SCSI oX 7 
  fBXNq΁A炭fBXN̂ɏޑxoX̑xz
  Ă܂ł傤B΁Ã{glbN{Iɉł
  B

  x܂B悭Ă悤ɁAx͈ȑOȖ
  BȂƂɁA𒍂łx炷Ƃł܂I
  ߍ̃fBXN͂悻 7 ms ̒x܂BSCSI ̒xA25 ms
  xĂ܂B

  FIXME: ŋ߂̒lKvI

  ͉Ӗ̂ł傤H xZƁAW 30 ms x
  x邱ƂɂȂł傤BƂƂ́A1 b킸 33 
  fBXNɑ΂鑀삪łȂƂƂɂȂ܂Bb
  ʂ̖₢킹̂ɁALV\łȂƂȂƁA͕s^
  悤܂B

  ɓ̃fBXNuXshv΁Aɕ̖߂
  sł܂B͒x̖LȎiłBK͂ news
  T[o[̂悤ȗprł́AXgCsOo͂X[Yɍsʂ̎
  iȂɂ͓삷炵܂B

  ꂪXgCsO̓łBoXőɎg΁AAǂݏ
  ƑȂ邩܂B

  8.2.  ȂXgCsOȂ̂

  XgCsOsƁAurbgPʁvŔj󂪋N댯oĂ
  BfBXNʖڂɂȂƁA_{[̓eႩɂȂĂ
  ܂Bf[^AĒuĂ΁At@CVXëꕔōς
  ܂B

  ɂ̎íA~[Oł̃XgCsOłB

  FIXME: LVM  md gāA~[OŃXgCsOĂ݂

  󒐁Fmd ́A\tgEGA RAID ̃foCXłB Multi-Disk-HOWTO ̓
  {
  <http://www.linux.or.jp/docs/Multi-Disk-HOWTO/Multi-Disk-HOWTO.html>
  QlɂĂB

  8.3.  LVM ł̃XgCsO

  XgCv\̐ݒ́A_{[̍쐬 lvcreate gčς
  ܂B֘Ap^ 2 ܂B-i ł̕{[
  Ûw肵܂B̓XgCsO̓rbgPʂł͂ȂAu
  bNPʂōs܂B-I ŃLoCgPʂő̒Pʂw
  Bӓ_́Aw肷̂ 2 ̗ݏPʂŁA ő 128 KB ł邱Ƃ
  B

  łB

       # lvcreate -n stripedlv -i 2 -I 64 mygroup -L 20M
       lvcreate -- rounding 20480 KB to stripe boundary size 24576 KB / 6 PE
       lvcreate -- doing automatic backup of "mygroup"
       lvcreate -- logical volume "/dev/mygroup/stripedlv" successfully created

  8.3.1.  ptH[}X̒ӓ_

  fBXN 2 ̃p[eBVŃXgCvƁAptH[}
  Xǂ납炭tʂɂȂĂ܂ł傤B- ꂮ
  Ȃ悤ɂĂB1 { IDE oX 2 ̃fBXNڑ
  Ă͂蓯Ƃ܂B- mĂ IDE iĂ
  Ȃ΁B

  FIXME: ͍ł̂H

  Â߂̃}U[{[hɂ́A2 { IDE oX邩܂񂪁A2 {
  ͎gɂȂȂꍇA͒ᑬ CD-ROM hCu𓮂̂
  g邱ƂɂȂĂ܂܂Bc[găx`}[N邱Ƃ
  \ŁAłCɂȂc[́uBonnievłBReiserFS ̊J҂́A
  Bonnie++ <http://www.coker.com.au/bonnie++/> [XĂāA
  ŃptH[}X̃f[^vĂ܂B

  8.4.  n[hEFA RAID

  nCGhȃCe x86 T[o[̑ɂ́An[hEFA RAID Rg
  [Ă܂B̓̑啔ɂ́AȂƂ 2 ̓Ɨ
  SCSI `l܂BKȂƂ LVM łJɗpł
  BǗ҂ RAID Rg[g̋@\gĘ_hCu̍\
  ߂ĂALinux  RAID Rg[ʂăfBXNFȂ
  ܂BƂ SCSI `l A  2 ̃fBXNŃXgCv
  sÃ~[ SCSI `l B  2 ̃fBXN ɂƂ
  B͓T^I RAID 0/1 ̍\ŁAptH[}Xƃf[^̈S
  őo܂B̍\̃}V Linux u[gƁARAID Rg
  [ɂ 1 ̃fBXNɂAf[^̈悪悤Ɂu
  vBꂱA 4 ̃fBXNō\ RAID 0/1 ̘_hCu
  ̂łB܂ LVM 猩A}V͂fBXN 1 
  ĂāA1 ̃fBXN悤Ɏgpł܂BfBXN 1 
  ĂALVM ͂m悵܂BǗ҂fBXN
  (zbgXbv@\gāAғ)ALVM ͂mȂ
  ȂARg[̓~[Ăf[^ēāAׂČʂ
  ɂ܂BłĂ͂̕ƍlĂAuRAID Rg[
   LVM ƕpƉ̂낤HvƂ^₪N܂BȌɐ
  ƁÂ悤ȓɂȂ܂BRAID Rg[̌Ř_hC
  u肵Ă܂ƁÃhCuɑ΂ČŃfBXNǉ邱Ƃ
  łȂȂ܂B󂫂ǂ̂炢邩̌vZԈĂ܂AP
  ɂ󂫂KvɂȂꍇɂAVfBXNłA
  ̃XgCv\ɂ͒ǉł܂B܂肻̃Rg[̌ŁAV
   RAID ̃XgCv\쐬Ȃ΂܂B LVM 
  gĂ΁A LVM ̘_{[g΂Ȃ
  ŁARAID Rg[̌ŐṼXgCv\X[YɊgł
  B

  FIXME: ̃e[}ɒǉ邱Ƃ͂邩H

  8.5.  Linux ̃\tgEFA RAID

  Linux 2.4 ɂ͂ƂĂf炵 RAID ƎgԂłĂ
  B Linux 2.2 ɂ̓ftHg Alan Cox [Xo[W
   RAID @\Ă܂Ao܂悭܂B2.2 ܂
  ̏̃[X̗pẮAJ[l̊J҂ Linux ̈
  łŃ[Uh̃Abvf[gƂȂύX]܂Ȃ߂łB

  Red Hat  MandrakeASuSE ͂߂ƂfBXgr[^̑啔́A
  f炵oɂȂƎvo[W 0.90 ɒu邱Ƃ߂
  B

  ł̓o[W 0.90 Ƃɂ܂B

  FIXME: ɍXɏĂB

  9.  ڂ

  9.1.  Rs[^Ԃ LVM ̃fBXNړ

  ̐VZp𗘗pƁAPȍƁAƂ΂}V瑼̃}V
  ɃfBXNڂ悤ȍƂA̍񂾂̂ɂȂ邩܂
  BLVM gpȑOł΁AׂƂ́ÃfBXNV}
  VɎtāAt@CVXe}Eg邱ƂłBLVM 
  pƏ邱Ƃ܂BLVM ̍\͗̃fBXN
  /etc/lvmconf ɕۑĂ܂BėBmFȂ΂Ȃ
  Ƃ́A{[EO[v܂܂ĂfBXNĂA{
  [EO[v邱ƂɂȂ}VŔFł邩ƂƂ
  BŝAvgexport R}hłB vgexport ͒P
  /etc/lvmconf ɂ{[EO[v̍\폜邾ł
  ŁAfBXNł͉ύX܂B́AfBXNV}Vɐ
  ( ID łĂ͂ȂȂ)A/etc/lvmconf Abvf[g邾
  łB vgimport gčs܂B

  

  }V No 1 ŁA

       vgchange -a n vg01
       vgexport vg01

  }V No 2 ŁA

       vgimport vg01 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1
       vgchange -a y vg01

  ӂׂ_́Ã{[EO[vpĂ͂ȂƂ
  łB vgimport R}hݒ̃obNAbvグȂ
  ΁Avgcfgbackup gďグĂB

  9.2.  /etc/lvmtab and /etc/lvmtab.d ̍č\

  FIXME: ƂƂe

  10.  ɏڂ

     LVM site <http://lvm.msede.com/lvm/>
        v LVM ֘A\[Xpł

     German LVM HOWTO <http://litefaden.com/lite00/lvm/>
        hCcꂪǂ߂ȂAɂ̏񂪋LqĂ

     Translation of the German HOWTO
        <ftp://linux.msede.com/lvm/howto/en/>
        Peter.Wuestefeld@resnova.de ́AhCc HOWTO pɖ|
        B HOWTO ɑ̎Ԃ͗lBX HOWTO ^
        킵AԈĂ肵ȂAQlɂ邱Ƃ߂

     HP/UX Managing Disks Guide <http://docs.hp.com/cgi-
        bin/omcgi/omdoc?action=getcon&ID=7425>
        Linux  LVM  HP/UX ̎ƂقڊԈႢȂlɋ@\
        ŁAHP/UX ̃hLgƂĂɗBƂĂǂełB

  11.  ӎƊ

   HOWTO ̂ɓāAĂׂĂ̕XLڂ
  ƐS܂BAbvf[gAeĂXł
  Ãe[}Xł悤ɏXĂ
  ܂B

  o  Axel Boldt <axel@uni-paderborn.de>

  o  Sean Reifschneider <jafo@tummy.com>

  o  Alexander Talos <at@atat.at>

  o  Eric Maryniak <e.maryniak@pobox.com>

  12.  {Ŏӎ

  ̖|sɓāAJF vWFNg̕䂳AhoCX
  ܂B̏؂Ă\グ܂B

